Driving Safely in the Winter Months

Winter driving can be challenging due to various weather conditions like snow, ice, rain, and mudslides. This guide will help you navigate these challenges safely, whether you’re driving on the East Coast, West Coast, or in the Midwest.

Preparing Your Vehicle

Tires

• Winter Tires: Invest in high-quality winter tires. Winter tires provide cars better traction on snow and ice compared to all-season tires. Winter tires are made from a softer rubber compound that remains flexible in cold temperatures, allowing for better grip on the road. They also have deeper treads and unique patterns designed to channel snow and slush away from the tire.
• Tire Pressure: Check your tire pressure regularly. Cold weather can cause tire pressure to drop, affecting your vehicle’s handling. Under-inflated tires can lead to poor traction and increased wear. Refer to your automobile’s manual for the recommended tire pressure and check it at least once a month during the winter, invest in a tire gauge.
• Tread Depth: Ensure your tires have adequate tread depth. Worn tires can be dangerous on slippery roads. The minimum tread depth for winter driving is 6/32 inches. You can use a tread depth gauge or the penny test to check your tires tread. Insert a penny into the tread with Lincoln’s head upside down; if you can see the top of Lincoln’s head, it’s time to replace your tires.

Windshield Wipers

• Winter Wipers: Use winter-specific windshield wipers. They are designed to handle snow and ice better. Winter wipers have a rubber boot that prevents ice from collecting on the blade, ensuring a clear view even in heavy snow.
• Washer Fluid: Fill your washer fluid reservoir with a winter formula that won’t freeze. Regular washer fluid can freeze in the lines or on your windshield, reducing visibility. Winter washer fluid contains antifreeze agents that help keep your windshield clear in sub-zero temperatures.

Driving in Different Regions

East Coast

• Snow and Ice: Be prepared for heavy snowfall and icy roads. Drive slowly and increase your following distance. Black ice, which is nearly invisible, can form on bridges and shaded areas. Use gentle acceleration and braking to avoid skidding.
• Rainstorms: Heavy rain can cause flooding. Avoid driving through deep water and reduce your speed. Hydroplaning can occur when your tires lose contact with the road surface due to a layer of water. If you start to hydroplane, ease off the accelerator and steer straight until you regain control.

West Coast

• Mudslides: In areas prone to mudslides, be cautious after heavy rains. Avoid driving in affected areas if possible. Mudslides can occur suddenly and block roads, making them impassable. Stay informed about weather conditions and road closures.
• Rainstorms: Rain can cause slick roads. Slow down and use your headlights to improve visibility. Wet roads reduce tire traction, increasing the risk of skidding. Always maintain a safe distance from the vehicle in front of you and avoid sudden maneuvers and give yourself time to react to what is happening in front of you.

Midwest

• Snow and Ice: Similar to the East Coast, expect heavy snow and ice. Keep an emergency kit in your car with blankets, food, and water. Blizzards can reduce visibility to near zero, making driving extremely hazardous. If you get stuck, stay with your vehicle and wait for help.
• Potholes: Winter weather can create potholes. Drive carefully to avoid damaging your tires and suspension. Potholes form when water seeps into cracks in the road, freezes, and expands, causing the pavement to break apart. Slow down and avoid swerving to miss potholes, as this can cause you to lose control.

3. City vs. Highway Driving

City Driving

• Reduced Speed: Drive slower in the city, especially on untreated roads. Urban areas may have more pedestrians and cyclists, who can be harder to see in poor weather conditions.
• Intersections: Be cautious at intersections, as they can be particularly slippery. Snow and ice can accumulate at intersections due to frequent stopping and starting. Approach intersections slowly and be prepared for sudden stops.

Highway Driving

• Increased Following Distance: Maintain a greater following distance on highways to allow for longer stopping distances. High speeds combined with slippery conditions can make it difficult to stop quickly.
• Lane Changes: Avoid sudden lane changes. Use your signals well in advance. Changing lanes on icy roads can be risky, as it may cause your vehicle to skid. Make lane changes gradually and only when necessary.

Storing Your Car

• Garage Storage: If possible, store your car in a garage to protect it from the elements. A garage can shield your vehicle from snow, ice, and freezing temperatures, reducing wear and tear.
• Car Covers: Use a car cover to protect your car if you don’t have a garage. It will protect your vehicle from snow and ice. Choose a cover designed for winter use, which is typically thicker and more durable.
• Battery Maintenance: Cold weather can drain your battery. Consider using a battery maintainer if your car will be parked for an extended period, and not being used. A battery maintainer keeps your battery charged and prevents it from freezing.

What to Do in an Accident

• Stay Calm: Keep calm and check for injuries. Your safety and the safety of others on the road is the first priority.
• Move to Safety: If possible, always attempt to move your vehicle to a safe location. Turn on your hazard lights to alert other drivers.
• Call for Help: Contact emergency services and provide them with your location. Give a clear description of the accident and any injuries.
• Document the Scene: Take photos and exchange information with the other driver. Get the names, contact information, and insurance details of all parties involved in the accident. If there are witnesses, ask for their contact information as well.

Best Car Models for Winter Driving

• Subaru Outback: Known for its all-wheel drive and high ground clearance. The Outback offers excellent traction and stability on snowy and icy roads.
• Toyota RAV4: Offers good traction and reliability. The RAV4’s all-wheel-drive system and advanced safety features make it a solid choice for winter driving.
• Ford F-150: A sturdy option with four-wheel drive capabilities. The F-150’s powerful engine and robust build can handle tough winter conditions.
• Volvo XC90: Equipped with advanced safety features and all-wheel drive. The XC90’s sophisticated traction control system and comfortable interior make it ideal for long winter drives.

Final Thoughts

Driving in winter requires extra caution and preparation. By following these tips and ensuring your vehicle is ready for the conditions, you can stay safe on the road. Remember to drive slowly, maintain your vehicle, and be prepared for any situation.